Demographic and Geographic Analysis †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Demographic and Geographic Analysis. Answer: Introduction: It has been critically observed that adolescent males involve more in physical activities than adolescent females do. The reason behind such observation can be broadly described into two segments. The first reason is that the male adolescents tend to spend huge amount of time in MVPA or moderate to vigorous activities (Davis, Wojcik DeWaele, 2016). Their engagement towards such activities increases their physical activity than females. It has also been observed that adolescent males perform a higher number of five-min bouts of moderate to vigorous activities than their female counterparts do. The second reason behind such observation is that adolescent males approximately focus on their exercise once a week which is critically lower in the adolescent females (Aires et al. 2010). Hence, it is evident that the participation of females is comparatively less than males in terms of physical activities. The sedentary behavior of females is higher than the males due to low competency level which decreases the engagement of females in physical activities. The energy and enthusiasm are in higher level among males than females which leads male students to participate more in PA than adolescent females. The main reason behind the increase in BMI or Body Mass Index among black females is higher because of their less engagement in physical activity. The schools do not engage their students much in the physical activities as well as the physical education programs are also not done at higher range (Dumith et al. 2010). The sedentary behavior of black females is in huge ration which makes them inactive in terms of physical activities. The basic factor that has been observed from the survey is the engagement of black females towards physical activities is less due to their inactive state of mind (Carraro, Scarpa Ventura, 2010). These females like to sit around doing nothing and also not engaging in any physical activities. This, in turn, increases the body mass index among black females as well as leads to less engagement towards physical activities. However, the physical activities among white females are comparatively higher. Therefore, it is evident that if the black females will not engage in physical activities then it might lead to lower fitness as well as higher obesity. The schools must take initiatives to conduct various physical activity programs while engaging the black females so that it will enhance their physical activity. Can you think of at least two reasons why very few researchers have looked at physical differences across ethnicities? Yes, it is evident that very few researchers have compared the physical differences across ethnicity. Although several efforts were made to study the differences in physical activities, fitness and obesity among females and male adolescents, very few researchers compared the study. The reason I think is the amount of time the study requires is considerably huge. Even the researchers, who made this particular study, conducted the study for over 10 years which is huge in terms of time (Chen Chang, 2010). The other reason might be the cooperation of the school management as well as parents. With the consent of parents, for engaging students; time and involvement of schools both are required. If they do not agree, then this kind of researches fails as it affects the results negatively. Even at times few data might get missed or can also have wrong data collecting procedure (Fogelholm, 2010). This can have a direct effect on the research. Therefore, critical monitoring, as well as dedic ation, is required towards the research for conducting perfectly. What information would have been helpful to report on these students? The students who did not participate in the study have been provided with a different assignment management. The alternative assignment was strictly provided to the four students by engaging them in physical education classes (Janssen LeBlanc, 2010). This had a negative effect on the outcome. If these students would have participated with the consent of their parents then an accurate result would have been formed. The fitness, obesity and physical activity levels of the selected group would have been more accurate for determining the results. The results that have been acquired would have been different as the body mass index of these students could have led to some other assumptions. Why would the authors say that a dropout rate of 0.1% is a limitation, as usually a dropout rate of 15-20% is accepted and normal? The author said that a dropout rate of 0.1% is a limitation because in general 15-20% is accepted and normal. However, this is a limitation of this study as it was the limiting factor from the original number of participants. If more than this percentage would have dropped out then, the result would have been negative which could have adversely affected the results. Owing to difference in instruction patterns and the curriculum, results get affected. Teachers instructional styles are also different from each other which can also affect a number of physical activities which the students experience in their physical education classes (Jimnez Pavn et al. 2010). Therefore, if the dropout rate would have been more than 1%, then the result would have been inaccurate. As in this study, only 413 students are participating from six different schools if the limitation percentage exceeds the results that have been obtained might be inaccurate. Name three characteristics or demographics you could collect about the school that would help this research study. The characteristics that have been acquired from the study reflects that the schools reside in the area where people from varied background reside. Primary characteristic could be presence of both white and black people. This is owing to difference in their sociological concepts management. The reason behind such perception is strictly based on the parents. Few parents do not want their children to participate in such research programs. The second characteristic is the presence of sedentary behaviour, which is common among the students. Hence, it could be assumed that there are people who have different sociological behavior (Kriemler et al. 2010). The third characteristic is the teacher and staffs are also reluctant of the school which results in lower physical activities of the students. Lack of staff availability is a major issue in the schools which concludes that the participating nature of teachers and staffs are quite low, which creates a direct impact on the students. Why do you think they do this? Omron leg-to-leg bioelectrical impedance scale is used to measure the percentage of body fat of each student. This technique is widely used everywhere for research programs. However, there has been evidence that this kind of segmental device is not reliable for measuring body fat percentage (Lotan, Yalon-Chamovitz Weiss, 2010). This kind of devices provides an acceptable correlation in terms of the changing weight over the time. However, these devices may not be accurate for providing reliable individual body composition measures. Some studies have also claimed that bioelectrical impedance devices provide accurate estimate of body composition measures in terms of high school student. Therefore, different authors have different assumptions and procedures for conducting this kind of study in schools. Even though this device provides inaccurate result sometimes but it does provides the correlation between weight and time (Welk et al. 2010). This device is appropriate for conducting stu dy in schools. It is true that few types of research suggest that this kind of devices is unreliable for studies. However, there is evidence too that this kind of study provides accurate measures as well. There are studies that suggested biometrical impedance analysis is accurate in terms of high school student. Therefore, even though there are few types of researches which do not support the procedure, biometrical impedance researches are relevant. This is the reason behind implementing this study in high schools. Individual body composition is accurately measured by the device which is helpful to learn the percentage of body fat of each student. Even in a study, the biometrical impedance analysis has been conducted on consumer grade which clearly interprets the correlation between weight and time (Moliner-Urdiales et al. 2010). It was proved by the study that weight changes over time. The way of measuring has been similar since ages, though different instruments have been invented. Biometrical im pedance analysis can be used easily and do provide accurate results for school students. Hence, BIA can be useful for measuring the body fat percentage of high school students and it has been used wisely by the researcher. What information would have been helpful here to interpret these findings? Each detail of each student would have been useful for interpreting these findings. The author clearly represented the average body mass index of students directly in the research. However, it would have been more significant if the author would have provided the detail result of each student. This would have been helpful to analyze the status of each student and have accurate findings. The results of each group based on gender and race should have been provided in details for better understanding the study that has been conducted (Pribis et al. 2010). The author has provided just the outcome of body mass index rather should have provided critical information about each student in a calculative manner. This information would have been used for further studies as well. The author should have provided the information in each separate group so that the results would have been much easier to interpret. Yes, it could be a useful clue for analysing other physical activities factors, in my opinion. These findings can be helpful for enhancing the fitness level among students by learning their physical as well as social needs. As per my understanding, the availability of healthy foods, parks, walking paths can help to analyze the social as well as the economic situation of the students (Roy, Springer, McNulty Butler, 2010). It could be derived if the students are having healthy food or not, whether they get to play in parks or not. This kind of information can help to analyze whether their social needs are getting accomplished because it will have a direct effect on the body fitness level of the students. If these findings are dissatisfactory, it indicates that an adverse effect on the physical activities of the students could be expected. Sedentary behavior is common among the students of the six schools, therefore it can be assumed that they do not participate or do not get to partic ipate in the areas which will enhance their physical activities (Ruiz et al. 2010). Studying their external behavior outside the school can help to learn the reason behind low engagement in physical activities. Name at least three other limitations (not mentioned in this article) of this study. The participating schools were only six from south eastern high schools; however, there are many more schools which need to be studied too for better results. Therefore, the results that have been acquired cannot be generalized in terms of other schools. The students who participated in the study were from nine to twelve grades. Therefore, this result cannot be generalized in terms of other grade levels. Sedentary behavior is just one of the segments which affect physical activities of students (Sacheck, Kuder, Economos, 2010). There are several other factors that affect physical activities of students incorporating, however not limited to life patterns, natural ability, sleep, etc. Only three fitness measures have been used, those are PACER, Modifies Curl-ups and Back-Saver sit and reach for analyzing BMI and physical activity patterns. 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